Portrait of Bernard's Grandmother
Emile Bernard (1868 - 1941), Asnières, 1887
oil on canvas, 54 cm x 65 cm
Credits (obliged to state): Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam (Vincent van Gogh Foundation)
Bernard’s grandmother was in mourning when he painted her. She had just lost her husband. She had come to live with the artist’s family in Asnières and often posed for him. Her apparently arrogant expression is due simply to the artist’s viewpoint. Because Bernard was sitting slightly lower, she appears to be looking down on us. Her closed eye was blind.
Van Gogh swapped one of his own self-portraits for this painting. He was full of praise for it. Later, he wrote to Bernard how moving he found its air of steady self-assurance. ‘You’ve never been closer to Rembrandt, my dear chap.’
- Object number
- s0205V1962
- Dimensions
- 54 cm x 65 cm, 74 cm x 85 cm, 7.5 cm
- Provenance
- Exchanged by the artist, Paris with Vincent van Gogh, Paris, between November 1887 and 19 February 1888; after his death on 25 January 1891, inherited by his widow, Jo van Gogh-Bonger, and their son, Vincent Willem van Gogh, Paris; administered until her death on 2 September 1925 by Jo van Gogh-Bonger, Bussum/Amsterdam/Laren; donated by Vincent Willem van Gogh to the (1st) Vincent van Gogh Foundation, Laren, 11 March 1952; transferred by the (1st) Vincent van Gogh Foundation to the Theo van Gogh Foundation, Laren, 28 December 1960; donated by the Theo van Gogh Foundation to the (2nd) Vincent van Gogh Foundation, Amsterdam, 21 July 1962; agreement concluded between the Vincent van Gogh Foundation and the State of the Netherlands, in which the preservation and management of the collection, and its placing in the Rijksmuseum Vincent van Gogh, to be realized in Amsterdam, is entrusted to the State, 21 July 1962; on permanent loan to the Rijksmuseum Vincent van Gogh from the opening of the museum on 2 June 1973, and at the Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam, since 1 July 1994.
- artist
- Emile Bernard
- Credits (obliged to state)
- Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam (Vincent van Gogh Foundation)
Vienna, Kunstforum Wien, Faszination Japan. Monet-Van Gogh-Klimt, 10 October 2018-20 January 2019
Bremen, Kunsthalle Bremen, Emile Bernard – Am Puls der Moderne, 7 February-1 June 2015, no. 17
Paris, Musée de l'Orangerie, Emile Bernard (1868-1941), la peinture en colère, 16 September 2014-5 January 2015, no. 9
Copenhagen, Ordrupgaard Museum, Van Gogh, Gauguin, Bernard. Dramaet i Arles, 7 February-22 June 2014, no. 59
Amsterdam, Van Gogh Museum, Van Gogh aan het werk, 1 May 2013-13 January 2014
Amsterdam, Van Gogh Museum, Van Goghs brieven. De kunstenaar aan het woord, 9 October 2009-3 January 2010
New York, The Morgan Library & Museum, Painted with Words. Vincent van Gogh's letters to Emile Bernard, 28 September 2007-6 January 2008, no. 63
Amsterdam, Van Gogh Museum, Van Gogh en Rembrandt, 24 February-28 June 2006
Amsterdam, Van Gogh Museum, De keuze van Vincent. Van Goghs Musée imaginaire, 14 February-15 June 2003, no. 86
Kōbe, Hyogo Prefectural Museum of Modern Art, Vincent & Theo van Gogh, 7 September-4 November 2002, no. 67
Sapporo, Hokkaido Museum of Modern Art, Vincent & Theo van Gogh, 5 July-25 August 2002, no. 67
Amsterdam, Van Gogh Museum, Theo van Gogh 1857-1891. Kunsthandelaar, verzamelaar en broer van Vincent, 24 June-5 September 1999, no. 165
Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum Vincent van Gogh, Emile Bernard, 24 August-4 November 1990
Mannheim, Städtische Kunsthalle Mannheim, Emile Bernard 1868-1941. A Pioneer of Modern Art, 12 May-5 August 1990, no. 52
Amsterdam, Rijksmuseum Vincent van Gogh, Van Gogh en zijn Franse vrienden. Het cloisonisme als stijl 1886-1891, 9 April-14 June 1981, no. 95
Toronto, Art Gallery of Ontario, Vincent van Gogh and the Birth of Cloisonism, 24 January-22 March 1981, no. 95
Lille, Palais des Beaux-Arts (Lille), Emile Bernard 1868-1941 : peintures, dessins, gravures, 12 April-12 June 1967, no. 6
Bremen, Kunsthalle Bremen, Emile Bernard 1868-1941 : peintures, dessins, gravures, 5 February-2 April 1967, no. 5
Zurich, Kunsthaus Zürich, Pont-Aven. Gauguin und sein Kreis in der Bretagne, 5 March-11 April 1966, no. 88
London, Tate Gallery, Gauguin and the Pont-Aven group, 7 January-13 February 1966, no. 74
Paris, Institut Néerlandais, Les amis de Van Gogh, 9 November-17 December 1960, no. 12
Otterlo, Kröller-Müller Museum, Collectie Theo van Gogh, April-May 1960, no. 7
Amsterdam, Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam, Collectie Theo van Gogh, February 1960, no. 7
Mons, Museum voor Schoone Kunsten, Vincent van Gogh (1853-1890). Son art et ses amis, 22 March-5 May 1958, no. 82
Antwerp, Zaal Comité voor Artistieke Werking, Vincent van Gogh, 7 May-19 June 1955, no. 375
Amsterdam, Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam, De verzameling van Theo van Gogh. Met uitzondering van de werken van zijn broer Vincent, 31 March-11 May 1953, no. 6
Otterlo, Kröller-Müller Museum, De verzameling van Theo van Gogh. Met uitzondering van de werken van zijn broer Vincent, 1953, no. 6
The Hague, Gemeentemuseum Den Haag, De verzameling van Theo van Gogh. Met uitzondering van de werken van zijn broer Vincent, 1953, no. 6
Paris, The Grand Bouillon-Restaurant du Chalet, Exposition des peintres du Petit Boulevard, November-December 1887, no. no cat. no.
Jansen, Leo, Luijten, Hans, Bakker, Nienke, Vincent van Gogh - The Letters : The complete illustrated and annotated edition : Volume 4 : Arles, 1888-1889, Amsterdam, 2009, pp. 174-175, 216, 328
Bernard, Emile, Vincent van Gogh : les peintres originaux, p. 2
Baumann, Felix Andreas, Hermann, F., Sutton, D., Wehrli, R., Pont-Aven : Gauguin und sein Kreis in der Bretagne, Zürich, 1966, p. 63
Sutton, D., White, Gabriel, Gauguin and the Pont-Aven group, [London], 1966, pp. 7, 30-31
Hautecoeur, Louis, Luthi, Jean-Jacques, Emile Bernard : l'initiateur, Paris, 1974
Gogh, Vincent Willem van, De verzameling van Theo van Gogh : met uitzondering van de werken van zijn broer Vincent = La collection de Theo van Gogh : excepté les oeuvres de son frère Vincent, Amsterdam, 1953, [unpaged]
Gogh, Vincent Willem van, Collectie Theo van Gogh, Amsterdam, 1960, no. 6
Luthi, Jean-Jacques, Vollard, Ambroise, Emile Bernard : chef de l'école de Pont-Aven, Paris, [s.a.], pp. 9, 11-12
Gogh, Vincent Willem van, Vincent van Gogh (1853-1890) : son art et ses amis, Amsterdam, 1958, [unpaged]
Luthi, Jean-Jacques, Emile Bernard : catalogue raisonné de l'oeuvre peint, Paris, 1982, pp. 16-17
Hammacher, A.M., Exposition les amis de van Gogh : catalogue, Paris, 1960, p. 21
Bock, H., Busch, G., Emile Bernard 1868-1941 : peintures, dessins, gravures, Lille, 1967, p. 38
Bock, H., Müller, J.H. (Johann Heinrich), Emile Bernard : Gemälde, Handzeichnungen, Aquarelle, Druckgraphik, Bremen, 1967, pp. 9, 39
Stevens, Maryanne, Emile Bernard 1868-1941. A Pioneer of Modern Art. Ein Wegbereiter der Moderne., Zwolle, 1990, pp. 36, 112, 130, 158, 178, 187-197, 222-223, 234
Welsh-Ovcharov, Bogomila, Vincent van Gogh and the birth of Cloisonism, Toronto, 1981, pp. 149, 284-285, 286
Uitert, Evert van, Hoyle, Michael, Crimpen, Han van, The Rijksmuseum Vincent van Gogh, Amsterdam, 1987, pp. 96-97, 308
Leeuw, Ronald de, Van Gogh Museum : schilderijen en pastels, Zwolle, 1993, pp. 114-115
Stolwijk, Chris, Thomson, Richard, Heugten, Sjraar van, Theo van Gogh 1857-1891 : kunsthandelaar, verzamelaar en broer van Vincent, Amsterdam ; Zwolle, 1999, pp. 163, 165, 168
Stolwijk, Chris, Thomson, Richard, Heugten, Sjraar van, Theo van Gogh 1857-1891 : art dealer, collector and brother of Vincent, Amsterdam ; Zwolle, 1999, pp. 161, 165
Vergeest, Aukje, The French collection : nineteenth-century French paintings in Dutch public collections, Amsterdam, 2000, p. 61
Vincent & Theo van Gogh, Hokkaido, 2002, p. 174
Jansen, Leo, Luijten, Hans, Bakker, Nienke, Vincent van Gogh : painted with words : the letters to Émile Bernard, New York, 2007, pp. 251-260, 263, 366
Leeman, Fred, Recchi-Altariba, Béatrice, Champié, A., Argyropoulos-Recchi, Lucrezia, Cordier, Céline, Emile Bernard (1868-1941), Paris, 2013, pp. 85-88, 93-94, 107, 120
Fonsmark, Anne-Birgitte, Van Gogh, Gauguin, Bernard : friction of ideas, Charlottenlund, 2014, pp. 69, 72
Hansen, Dorothee, Leeman, Fred, Rapetti, Rodolphe, Émile Bernard 1868-1941, Parijs, 2014, pp. 13, 64-65, 66, 70
Hansen, Dorothee, Buschhoff, A., Hans, Henrike, Emile Bernard : Am Puls der Moderne, Köln, 2015, pp. 49, 96-99, 106-107, 160-161
Luthi, Jean-Jacques, Israël, Armand, Emile Bernard : instigateur de l'école de Pont-Aven, précurseur de l'art moderne : sa vie, son oeuvre : catalogue raisonné, Paris, 2014, pp. 33, 105, 152
Stolwijk, Chris, Heugten, Sjraar van, Jansen, Leo, Blühm, Andreas, De keuze van Vincent : Van Goghs Musée imaginaire, Amsterdam, 2003, pp. 118, 226, 278, 306
Stolwijk, Chris, Heugten, Sjraar van, Jansen, Leo, Blühm, Andreas, Vincent's choice : the Musée imaginaire of Van Gogh, Amsterdam, 2003, pp. 118, 226, 278, 306
Stolwijk, Chris, Heugten, Sjraar van, Jansen, Leo, Blühm, Andreas, Vincents Wahlverwandtschaften : Van Goghs Musée imaginaire, Amsterdam, 2003, pp. 118, 226, 278, 306
Stolwijk, Chris, Heugten, Sjraar van, Jansen, Leo, Blühm, Andreas, Le choix de Vincent : le musée imaginaire de Van Gogh, Amsterdam, 2003, pp. 118, 226, 278, 306
Gogh, Vincent Willem van, Tralbaut, Marc Edo, Wilms, J., Vincent van Gogh, s.l., 1955, [unpaged]
Benesch, Evelyn, Friborg, Flemming, Gianfreda, Sandra, Wieninger, Johannes, Faszination Japan : Monet - Van Gogh - Klimt, Heidelberg, [2018], p. 134
Hendriks, Ella, Johnson jr., C. Richard, Loeff, Luuk van der, First international workshop on image processing for artist identification, Amsterdam, 2007, pp. 35, 77, 98
Vollard, Ambroise, Bernard, Emile, Lettres de Vincent van Gogh à Emile Bernard, Paris, 1911, pp. 102-103
Meyerson, Åke, Van Gogh and the school of Pont-Aven, pp. 140-141
Dorra, Henri, Emile Bernard and Paul Gauguin, pp. 232-233
Roskill, Mark W., Van Gogh, Gauguin and the Impressionist Circle, London, 1970, pp. 108, 125
Roskill, Mark W., Van Gogh, Gauguin and French painting of the 1880s : a catalogue raisonné of key works, Ann Arbor, 1970, p. 216
Roskill, Mark W., Van Gogh's exchanges of work with Emile Bernard in 1888, p. 142
Rewald, John, Post-impressionism : from Van Gogh to Gauguin, New York, 1978, pp. 174, 176
Dorra, Henri, Van Gogh and cloisonism, p. 258
Boyle-Turner, Caroline, Paul Sérusier, Ann Arbor, cop. 1983, p. 10
Jirat-Wasiutyński, Vojtěch, Vincent van Gogh's self-portrait dedicated to Paul Gauguin : an historical an technical study, Cambridge, cop. 1984, p. 4
Leeuw, Ronald de, The Van Gogh Museum : paintings and pastels, Zwolle, 1994, pp. 114-115
Leeuw, Ronald de, Van Gogh at the Van Gogh Museum, Zwolle, 1994, p. 97
Salomon, A., Cogeval, Guy, Chivot, Mathias, Vuillard : the inexhaustible glance : critical catalogue of paintings and pastels, Paris, 2003, vol. 1, p. 43
Jansen, Leo, Luijten, Hans, Bakker, Nienke, Vincent van Gogh - The Letters : The complete illustrated and annotated edition : Volume 5 : Saint-Rémy-de-Provence - Auvers-sur-Oise, 1889-1890, Amsterdam, 2009, pp. 140, 161
Vellekoop, Marije, Hendriks, Ella, Jansen, Leo, Meedendorp, Teio, Bakker, Nienke, Dijk, Maite van, Van Gogh's studio practice, Amsterdam, 2013, pp. 162, note 71 on p. 249, note 36 on p. 370, note 55 on p. 372
Southgate, M.T., [Portrait of Dr. Gachet] the cover, p. 13
Gruyter, W.J. de, Emile Bernard (1868-1941) : portret van zijn grootmoeder, pp. 18a-b
Stevens, Maryanne, Riopelle, Christopher, Domercq, Julien, After Impressionism : inventing modern art, London, 2023, pp. 65-66
Hoeven, Joost van der, Roos Rosa de Carvalho, Fleur, Blok, Franka, Smit, Lisa, Reid, Nina, Suijver, Renske, Tas, Sara, Contemporaries of Van Gogh 1 : works collected by Theo and Vincent, Amsterdam, 2023